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== Insurance fundamentals ==
== Insurance fundamentals ==
<div class="main-page-menu">
<div class="main-page-menu">
{{Row header|fundamentals}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;risk&nbsp;basics&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Frequency vs severity]]}} {{read|[[Hazard, exposure, peril, loss]]}} {{read|[[Correlation and aggregation]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;how&nbsp;insurance&nbsp;works&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Pooling and risk transfer]]}} {{read|[[Indemnity vs benefits]]}} {{read|[[Premium now, claims later]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;incentives&nbsp;&&nbsp;frictions&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Adverse selection]]}} {{read|[[Moral hazard]]}} {{read|[[Information asymmetry]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;industry&nbsp;structure&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Insurers, mutuals, captives]]}} {{read|[[Brokers, MGAs, TPAs]]}} {{read|[[Reinsurers and retro]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;policy&nbsp;essentials&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Insurable interest, good faith]]}} {{read|[[Coverage, exclusions, conditions]]}} {{read|[[Limits and deductibles]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;core&nbsp;metrics&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Loss/expense/combined ratio]]}} {{read|[[Persistency and lapse]]}} {{read|[[Acquisition economics]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;time&nbsp;value&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Discounting]]}} {{read|[[Trend and social inflation]]}} {{read|[[Duration risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;Cat&nbsp;&&nbsp;systemic&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Nat Cat accumulation]]}} {{read|[[Pandemic risk]]}} {{read|[[Cyber contagion]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;role&nbsp;&&nbsp;trust&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Protection and resilience]]}} {{read|[[Fairness and inclusion]]}} {{read|[[Conduct and transparency]]}} }}
{{Row header|fundamentals}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;risk&nbsp;basics&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Frequency vs severity]]}} {{read|[[Hazard, exposure, peril]]}} {{read|[[Correlation & aggregation]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;how&nbsp;insurance&nbsp;works&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Pooling & risk transfer]]}} {{read|[[Indemnity vs benefits]]}} {{read|[[Premium now, claims later]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;incentives&nbsp;&&nbsp;frictions&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Adverse selection]]}} {{read|[[Moral hazard]]}} {{read|[[Information asymmetry]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;industry&nbsp;structure&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Insurers, mutuals, captives]]}} {{read|[[Brokers, MGAs, TPAs]]}} {{read|[[Reinsurers & retro]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;policy&nbsp;essentials&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Insurable interest, good faith]]}} {{read|[[Coverage, exclusions]]}} {{read|[[Limits & deductibles]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;core&nbsp;metrics&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Loss, expense, combined ratio]]}} {{read|[[Persistency & lapse]]}} {{read|[[Acquisition economics]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;time&nbsp;value&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Discounting]]}} {{read|[[Trend & social inflation]]}} {{read|[[Duration risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;Cat&nbsp;&&nbsp;systemic&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Nat Cat accumulation]]}} {{read|[[Pandemic risk]]}} {{read|[[Cyber contagion]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;role&nbsp;&&nbsp;trust&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Protection & resilience]]}} {{read|[[Fairness & inclusion]]}} {{read|[[Conduct & transparency]]}} }}


{{Row header|products}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;life&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Term, whole, UL]]}} {{read|[[Mortality and lapse]]}} {{read|[[Riders]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;health&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Medical vs income protection]]}} {{read|[[Group vs individual]]}} {{read|[[Utilization levers]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;annuities&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Immediate vs deferred]]}} {{read|[[Guarantees]]}} {{read|[[Longevity risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;group&nbsp;benefits&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Plan design]]}} {{read|[[Experience rating]]}} {{read|[[Renewals]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;personal&nbsp;lines&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Motor and home]]}} {{read|[[Rating factors]]}} {{read|[[Claims inflation]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;commercial&nbsp;lines&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Property and liability]]}} {{read|[[Limits and towers]]}} {{read|[[Risk engineering]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;specialty&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Marine/aviation/energy]]}} {{read|[[Financial lines]]}} {{read|[[Parametric]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;U/W&nbsp;governance&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Appetite and authority]]}} {{read|[[Quote to bind]]}} {{read|[[Portfolio steering]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;lifecycle&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Design and pricing]]}} {{read|[[Wording and filings]]}} {{read|[[Monitoring and remediation]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;policy&nbsp;admin&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Issuance and endorsements]]}} {{read|[[Billing]]}} {{read|[[Retention]]}} }}
{{Row header|products}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;life&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Term, whole, UL]]}} {{read|[[Mortality & lapse]]}} {{read|[[Riders]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;health&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Medical vs income protection]]}} {{read|[[Group vs individual]]}} {{read|[[Utilization levers]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;annuities&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Immediate vs deferred]]}} {{read|[[Guarantees]]}} {{read|[[Longevity risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;group&nbsp;benefits&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Plan design]]}} {{read|[[Experience rating]]}} {{read|[[Renewals]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;personal&nbsp;lines&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Motor & home]]}} {{read|[[Rating factors]]}} {{read|[[Claims inflation]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;commercial&nbsp;lines&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Property & liability]]}} {{read|[[Limits & towers]]}} {{read|[[Risk engineering]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;specialty&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Marine, aviation, energy]]}} {{read|[[Financial lines]]}} {{read|[[Parametric]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;U/W&nbsp;governance&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Appetite & authority]]}} {{read|[[Quote to bind]]}} {{read|[[Portfolio steering]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;lifecycle&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Design & pricing]]}} {{read|[[Wording & filings]]}} {{read|[[Monitoring & remediation]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;policy&nbsp;admin&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Issuance & endorsements]]}} {{read|[[Billing]]}} {{read|[[Retention]]}} }}


{{Row header|distribution&nbsp;&&nbsp;ops}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;channels&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Agent/broker/bank]]}} {{read|[[Direct and digital]]}} {{read|[[Embedded and partners]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;sales&nbsp;&&nbsp;advice&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Needs and suitability]]}} {{read|[[Tools and disclosures]]}} {{read|[[Conversion levers]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;intermediary&nbsp;econ&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Commissions and clawbacks]]}} {{read|[[Conflicts control]]}} {{read|[[Delegated authority]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;onboarding&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[KYC/AML basics]]}} {{read|[[Fraud screening]]}} {{read|[[Consent and privacy]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;U/W&nbsp;ops&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[STP vs manual]]}} {{read|[[Evidence management]]}} {{read|[[QA and audits]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;claims&nbsp;ops&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[FNOL and triage]]}} {{read|[[Settlement and leakage]]}} {{read|[[Litigation and recovery]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;fraud&nbsp;mgmt&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Detection and SIU]]}} {{read|[[Provider fraud]]}} {{read|[[Recoveries]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;service&nbsp;model&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Shared services]]}} {{read|[[Outsourcing risk]]}} {{read|[[SLAs and outcomes]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;tech&nbsp;&&nbsp;data&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[PAS/claims/billing]]}} {{read|[[CRM and omni-channel]]}} {{read|[[Platforms and APIs]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;productivity&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Cost-to-serve]]}} {{read|[[Automation]]}} {{read|[[Ops KPIs]]}} }}
{{Row header|distribution&nbsp;&&nbsp;ops}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;channels&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Agent/broker/bank]]}} {{read|[[Direct & digital]]}} {{read|[[Embedded & partners]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;sales&nbsp;&&nbsp;advice&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Needs & suitability]]}} {{read|[[Tools & disclosures]]}} {{read|[[Conversion levers]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;intermediary&nbsp;econ&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Commissions & clawbacks]]}} {{read|[[Conflicts control]]}} {{read|[[Delegated authority]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;onboarding&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[KYC/AML basics]]}} {{read|[[Fraud screening]]}} {{read|[[Consent & privacy]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;U/W&nbsp;ops&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[STP vs manual]]}} {{read|[[Evidence mgmt]]}} {{read|[[QA & audits]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;claims&nbsp;ops&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[FNOL & triage]]}} {{read|[[Settlement & leakage]]}} {{read|[[Litigation & recovery]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;fraud&nbsp;mgmt&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Detection & SIU]]}} {{read|[[Provider fraud]]}} {{read|[[Recoveries]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;service&nbsp;model&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Shared services]]}} {{read|[[Outsourcing risk]]}} {{read|[[SLAs & outcomes]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;tech&nbsp;&&nbsp;data&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[PAS/claims/billing]]}} {{read|[[CRM & omni-channel]]}} {{read|[[Platforms & APIs]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;productivity&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Cost-to-serve]]}} {{read|[[Automation]]}} {{read|[[Ops KPIs]]}} }}


{{Row header|finance&nbsp;&&nbsp;actuarial}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;pricing&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Expected loss and margin]]}} {{read|[[Credibility]]}} {{read|[[Price adequacy]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;reserving&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Case vs IBNR]]}} {{read|[[Triangles and diagnostics]]}} {{read|[[Reserve risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;life&nbsp;liabilities&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Assumptions and margins]]}} {{read|[[Options and behavior]]}} {{read|[[New business strain]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;reinsurance&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Proportional vs non-prop]]}} {{read|[[Retentions and limits]]}} {{read|[[Credit and collateral]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;ALM&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Portfolio basics]]}} {{read|[[Duration and liquidity]]}} {{read|[[Credit risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;performance&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Underwriting result]]}} {{read|[[Operating vs net income]]}} {{read|[[Key ratios]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;accounting&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[IFRS 17]]}} {{read|[[IFRS 9]]}} {{read|[[Statutory bases]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;solvency&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Available vs required]]}} {{read|[[Economic capital]]}} {{read|[[Stress tests]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;steering&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Growth vs value]]}} {{read|[[Re-pricing actions]]}} {{read|[[Scenario planning]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;model&nbsp;gov&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Assumption control]]}} {{read|[[Validation]]}} {{read|[[Data governance]]}} }}
{{Row header|finance&nbsp;&&nbsp;actuarial}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;pricing&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Expected loss & margin]]}} {{read|[[Credibility]]}} {{read|[[Price adequacy]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;reserving&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Case vs IBNR]]}} {{read|[[Triangles & diagnostics]]}} {{read|[[Reserve risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;life&nbsp;liabilities&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Assumptions & margins]]}} {{read|[[Options & behavior]]}} {{read|[[New business strain]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;reinsurance&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Proportional vs non-prop]]}} {{read|[[Retentions & limits]]}} {{read|[[Credit & collateral]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;ALM&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Portfolio basics]]}} {{read|[[Duration & liquidity]]}} {{read|[[Credit risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;performance&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Underwriting result]]}} {{read|[[Operating vs net income]]}} {{read|[[Key ratios]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;accounting&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[IFRS 17]]}} {{read|[[IFRS 9]]}} {{read|[[Statutory bases]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;solvency&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Available vs required]]}} {{read|[[Economic capital]]}} {{read|[[Stress tests]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;steering&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Growth vs value]]}} {{read|[[Re-pricing actions]]}} {{read|[[Scenario planning]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;model&nbsp;gov&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Assumption control]]}} {{read|[[Validation]]}} {{read|[[Data governance]]}} }}


{{Row header|regulation&nbsp;&&nbsp;gov}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;purpose&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Protection]]}} {{read|[[Stability]]}} {{read|[[Integrity]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;prudential&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Solvency II / RBC]]}} {{read|[[ORSA]]}} {{read|[[Supervisory reporting]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;conduct&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Product governance]]}} {{read|[[Claims standards]]}} {{read|[[Fair value]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;supervision&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Entity structures]]}} {{read|[[Intra-group flows]]}} {{read|[[Recovery and resolution]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;gov&nbsp;model&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Board oversight]]}} {{read|[[Three lines]]}} {{read|[[Internal audit]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;compliance&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[AML/CTF]]}} {{read|[[Sanctions]]}} {{read|[[Third-party risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;tax&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Premium taxes]]}} {{read|[[Deferred tax]]}} {{read|[[Cross-border issues]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;ESG&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Underwriting and investment]]}} {{read|[[Disclosures]]}} {{read|[[Transition risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;resilience&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Cyber security]]}} {{read|[[Operational resilience]]}} {{read|[[Data privacy]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;emerging&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Cyber and systemic]]}} {{read|[[Insurtech and embedded]]}} {{read|[[Alternative capital]]}} }}
{{Row header|regulation&nbsp;&&nbsp;gov}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;purpose&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Protection]]}} {{read|[[Stability]]}} {{read|[[Integrity]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;prudential&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Solvency II & RBC]]}} {{read|[[ORSA]]}} {{read|[[Supervisory reporting]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;conduct&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Product governance]]}} {{read|[[Claims standards]]}} {{read|[[Fair value]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;supervision&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Entity structures]]}} {{read|[[Intra-group flows]]}} {{read|[[Recovery & resolution]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;gov&nbsp;model&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Board oversight]]}} {{read|[[Three lines]]}} {{read|[[Internal audit]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;compliance&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[AML/CTF]]}} {{read|[[Sanctions]]}} {{read|[[Third-party risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;tax&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Premium taxes]]}} {{read|[[Deferred tax]]}} {{read|[[Cross-border issues]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;ESG&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Underwriting & investment]]}} {{read|[[Disclosures]]}} {{read|[[Transition risk]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;resilience&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Cyber security]]}} {{read|[[Operational resilience]]}} {{read|[[Data privacy]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;emerging&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Cyber & systemic]]}} {{read|[[Insurtech & embedded]]}} {{read|[[Alternative capital]]}} }}
</div>
</div>


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== Case studies ==
== Case studies ==
<div class="main-page-menu">
<div class="main-page-menu">
{{Row header|capital}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;M&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Generali–Cattolica (2022)]]}} {{read|[[Allianz–Aviva Poland (2021)]]}} {{read|[[Chubb–Cigna A&H APAC (2022)]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;carve-outs&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[AIG → Corebridge IPO (2022)]]}} {{read|[[Prudential → Jackson demerger (2021)]]}} {{read|[[Allianz sells UniCredit Allianz Vita stake (2025)]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;buybacks&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Allianz €1.5bn buybacks (2024)]]}} {{read|[[Zurich CHF 1.1bn buyback (2024)]]}} {{read|[[Travelers $5.04bn repurchase capacity (end-2024)]]}} }}
{{Row header|capital}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;M&A&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Generali–Cattolica (2022)]]}} {{read|[[Allianz–Aviva Poland (2021)]]}} {{read|[[Chubb–Cigna A&H APAC (2022)]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;carve-outs&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[AIG → Corebridge IPO (2022)]]}} {{read|[[Prudential → Jackson demerger (2021)]]}} {{read|[[Allianz sells UniCredit Allianz Vita stake (2025)]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;buybacks&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Allianz €1.5bn buybacks (2024)]]}} {{read|[[Zurich CHF 1.1bn buyback (2024)]]}} {{read|[[Travelers $5.04bn repurchase capacity (end-2024)]]}} }}


{{Row header|risk}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;cyber&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Zurich–Mondelez NotPetya settlement (2022)]]}} {{read|[[Merck vs Ace (war exclusion rejected, 2023)]]}} {{read|[[Lloyd’s “state-backed” cyber exclusions (from 2023)]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;Cat/ILS&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Allianz €250m windstorm cat bond (2023)]]}} {{read|[[Munich Re retro + sidecars ($1.55bn, 2025)]]}} {{read|[[Hannover Re cloud-outage cat bond (2024)]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;BI&nbsp;disputes&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[FCA BI test case (UKSC, 2021)]]}} {{read|[[ExCel Centre appeal win (UK CA, 2024)]]}} {{read|[[UK CA on furlough set-offs (2025)]]}} }}
{{Row header|risk}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;cyber&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Zurich–Mondelez NotPetya settlement (2022)]]}} {{read|[[Merck vs Ace (war exclusion rejected, 2023)]]}} {{read|[[Lloyd’s “state-backed” cyber exclusions (from 2023)]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;Cat/ILS&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Allianz €250m windstorm cat bond (2023)]]}} {{read|[[Munich Re retro + sidecars ($1.55bn, 2025)]]}} {{read|[[Hannover Re cloud-outage cat bond (2024)]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;BI&nbsp;disputes&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[FCA BI test case (UKSC, 2021)]]}} {{read|[[ExCel Centre appeal win (UK CA, 2024)]]}} {{read|[[UK CA on furlough set-offs (2025)]]}} }}
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{{Row header|distribution}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;bancassurance&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Allianz–UniCredit framework (2022)]]}} {{read|[[Zurich–Santander LatAm JV + 25-year tie-up (2011)]]}} {{read|[[BNP Paribas ↔ Ageas / AG Insurance reshuffle (2025)]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;embedded&nbsp;platforms&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Chubb Studio AI embedded engine (2025)]]}} {{read|[[Zurich buys AIG Travel + merges with Cover-More (2024)]]}} {{read|[[Munich Re buys relayr (2018)]]}} }}
{{Row header|distribution}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;bancassurance&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Allianz–UniCredit framework (2022)]]}} {{read|[[Zurich–Santander LatAm JV + 25-year tie-up (2011)]]}} {{read|[[BNP Paribas ↔ Ageas / AG Insurance reshuffle (2025)]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;embedded&nbsp;platforms&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Chubb Studio AI embedded engine (2025)]]}} {{read|[[Zurich buys AIG Travel + merges with Cover-More (2024)]]}} {{read|[[Munich Re buys relayr (2018)]]}} }}


{{Row header|climate}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;coal/fossil&nbsp;rules&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Allianz coal phase-out thresholds (2025)]]}} {{read|[[Generali coal phase-out (2030/2040)]]}} {{read|[[Zurich “no new fossil” positioning]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;transition&nbsp;&&nbsp;resilience&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Zurich + Aon hydrogen insurance platform (2024)]]}} {{read|[[Generali expands oil/gas exclusions (2024)]]}} {{read|[[Swiss Re nat-cat loss benchmark (sigma 1/2024)]]}} }}
{{Row header|climate}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;coal&nbsp;&&nbsp;fossil&nbsp;rules&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Allianz coal phase-out thresholds (2025)]]}} {{read|[[Generali coal phase-out (2030/2040)]]}} {{read|[[Zurich “no new fossil” positioning]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;transition&nbsp;&&nbsp;resilience&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Zurich + Aon hydrogen insurance platform (2024)]]}} {{read|[[Generali expands oil/gas exclusions (2024)]]}} {{read|[[Swiss Re nat-cat loss benchmark (sigma 1/2024)]]}} }}
</div>
</div>


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{{Row header|leadership&nbsp;&&nbsp;people}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;coaching&nbsp;&&nbsp;dev&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[The Coaching Habit]]}} {{read|[[Multipliers]]}} {{read|[[The Making of a Manager]]}} {{read|[[Turn the Ship Around!]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;teams&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[The Five Dysfunctions of a Team]]}} {{read|[[Team of Teams]]}} {{read|[[Drive]]}} {{read|[[The Culture Code]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;change&nbsp;&&nbsp;execution&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Leading Change]]}} {{read|[[Switch]]}} {{read|[[The First 90 Days]]}} {{read|[[Accelerate]]}} }}
{{Row header|leadership&nbsp;&&nbsp;people}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;coaching&nbsp;&&nbsp;dev&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[The Coaching Habit]]}} {{read|[[Multipliers]]}} {{read|[[The Making of a Manager]]}} {{read|[[Turn the Ship Around!]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;teams&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[The Five Dysfunctions of a Team]]}} {{read|[[Team of Teams]]}} {{read|[[Drive]]}} {{read|[[The Culture Code]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;change&nbsp;&&nbsp;execution&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Leading Change]]}} {{read|[[Switch]]}} {{read|[[The First 90 Days]]}} {{read|[[Accelerate]]}} }}


{{Row header|collaboration&nbsp;&&nbsp;culture}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;cross-cultural&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[The Culture Map]]}} {{read|[[Leading with Cultural Intelligence]]}} {{read|[[When Cultures Collide]]}} {{read|[[Riding the Waves of Culture]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;inclusion&nbsp;&&nbsp;safety&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[The Fearless Organization]]}} {{read|[[The Person You Mean to Be]]}} {{read|[[Blindspot]]}} {{read|[[Inclusify]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;remote/hybrid&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Remote]]}} {{read|[[The Long-Distance Leader]]}} {{read|[[Digital Body Language]]}} {{read|[[Suddenly Virtual]]}} }}
{{Row header|collaboration&nbsp;&&nbsp;culture}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;cross-cultural&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[The Culture Map]]}} {{read|[[Leading with Cultural Intelligence]]}} {{read|[[When Cultures Collide]]}} {{read|[[Riding the Waves of Culture]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;inclusion&nbsp;&&nbsp;safety&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[The Fearless Organization]]}} {{read|[[The Person You Mean to Be]]}} {{read|[[Blindspot]]}} {{read|[[Inclusify]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;remote&nbsp;&&nbsp;hybrid&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Remote]]}} {{read|[[The Long-Distance Leader]]}} {{read|[[Digital Body Language]]}} {{read|[[Suddenly Virtual]]}} }}


{{Row header|effectiveness&nbsp;&&nbsp;resilience}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;time&nbsp;&&nbsp;focus&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Getting Things Done]]}} {{read|[[Deep Work]]}} {{read|[[Essentialism]]}} {{read|[[Atomic Habits]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;decision&nbsp;making&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Thinking, Fast and Slow]]}} {{read|[[Decisive]]}} {{read|[[Superforecasting]]}} {{read|[[The Scout Mindset]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;resilience&nbsp;&&nbsp;stress&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Mindset]]}} {{read|[[The Upside of Stress]]}} {{read|[[Resilient]]}} {{read|[[Search Inside Yourself]]}} }}
{{Row header|effectiveness&nbsp;&&nbsp;resilience}} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;time&nbsp;&&nbsp;focus&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Getting Things Done]]}} {{read|[[Deep Work]]}} {{read|[[Essentialism]]}} {{read|[[Atomic Habits]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;decision&nbsp;making&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Thinking, Fast and Slow]]}} {{read|[[Decisive]]}} {{read|[[Superforecasting]]}} {{read|[[The Scout Mindset]]}} }} {{Inline expand |/&nbsp;resilience&nbsp;&&nbsp;stress&nbsp;▸|{{read|[[Mindset]]}} {{read|[[The Upside of Stress]]}} {{read|[[Resilient]]}} {{read|[[Search Inside Yourself]]}} }}

Revision as of 23:02, 15 January 2026

A good CEO is not a micromanager but a 'Chief Excitement Officer' or 'Engagement Officer'

— CEO of AXA

~*~

AXA fundamentals

people / leading figures ▸ / board of directors ▸ / management committee ▸ / partners group ▸

regions / Europe ▸ / AXA XL ▸ / Asia ▸ / Latin America ▸ / transversals ▸

results / press release ▸ / analyst presentation ▸ / financial supplements ▸ / activity report ▸ / annual report ▸ / SFCR ▸

~*~

Insurance fundamentals

fundamentals / risk basics ▸ / how insurance works ▸ / incentives & frictions ▸ / industry structure ▸ / policy essentials ▸ / core metrics ▸ / time value ▸ / Cat & systemic ▸ / role & trust ▸

products / life ▸ / health ▸ / annuities ▸ / group benefits ▸ / personal lines ▸ / commercial lines ▸ / specialty ▸ / U/W governance ▸ / lifecycle ▸ / policy admin ▸

distribution & ops / channels ▸ / sales & advice ▸ / intermediary econ ▸ / onboarding ▸ / U/W ops ▸ / claims ops ▸ / fraud mgmt ▸ / service model ▸ / tech & data ▸ / productivity ▸

finance & actuarial / pricing ▸ / reserving ▸ / life liabilities ▸ / reinsurance ▸ / ALM ▸ / performance ▸ / accounting ▸ / solvency ▸ / steering ▸ / model gov ▸

regulation & gov / purpose ▸ / prudential ▸ / conduct ▸ / supervision ▸ / gov model ▸ / compliance ▸ / tax ▸ / ESG ▸ / resilience ▸ / emerging ▸

~*~

Competitors

europe / France ▸ / Germany ▸ / Switzerland ▸ / Luxembourg ▸ / Italy ▸ / Spain ▸ / UK ▸ / Ireland ▸ / Turkey ▸

reinsurance & bermuda / Bermuda market ▸ / Global Re ▸

north america / United States ▸

asia / Japan ▸ / Hong Kong ▸ / China ▸ / Indonesia ▸ / Thailand ▸ / Philippines ▸ / South Korea ▸

latin america / Brazil ▸ / Colombia ▸ / Mexico ▸

~*~

Case studies

capital / M&A ▸ / carve-outs ▸ / buybacks ▸

risk / cyber ▸ / Cat/ILS ▸ / BI disputes ▸

tech / claims AI ▸ / GenAI assistants ▸ / telematics ▸

distribution / bancassurance ▸ / embedded platforms ▸

climate / coal & fossil rules ▸ / transition & resilience ▸

~*~

Skill development books

communication & presence / conversations & feedback ▸ / storytelling & thinking ▸ / writing & clarity ▸

influence & stakeholders / persuasion ▸ / negotiation ▸ / conflict & alignment ▸

leadership & people / coaching & dev ▸ / teams ▸ / change & execution ▸

collaboration & culture / cross-cultural ▸ / inclusion & safety ▸ / remote & hybrid ▸

effectiveness & resilience / time & focus ▸ / decision making ▸ / resilience & stress ▸

customer & trust / empathy & service ▸ / trust & relationships ▸

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