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📋 '''Notice of claim''' is the formal notification that a [[Definition:Policyholder | policyholder]], [[Definition:Claimant | claimant]], or their representative provides to an [[Definition:Insurer | insurer]] to report an event that may give rise to a [[Definition:Claim | claim]] under an [[Definition:Insurance policy | insurance policy]]. Serving as the essential trigger for the [[Definition:Claims handling | claims handling]] process, this notice activates the carrier's obligations to investigate, evaluate, and ultimately adjust the loss in accordance with the policy's terms and applicable [[Definition:Insurance regulation | regulatory requirements]].

📝 Most policies specify how, when, and to whom notice must be given — requirements that vary by [[Definition:Line of business | line of business]] and policy form. A [[Definition:Commercial general liability (CGL) | CGL]] policy typically requires the insured to notify the carrier "as soon as practicable" after an [[Definition:Occurrence | occurrence]], while [[Definition:Claims-made policy | claims-made]] coverages such as [[Definition:Directors and officers insurance | D&O]] or [[Definition:Professional liability insurance | professional liability]] tie coverage to whether the claim is first reported during the [[Definition:Policy period | policy period]] or an applicable [[Definition:Extended reporting period | extended reporting period]]. The notice generally must include basic details: the nature of the event, the date, the parties involved, and any known injuries or damages. Carriers route incoming notices through [[Definition:First notice of loss (FNOL) | first notice of loss (FNOL)]] systems that create a claim file, assign a [[Definition:Claims adjuster | claims adjuster]], and initiate [[Definition:Reserve | reserving]] protocols.

⏱️ Timeliness and accuracy of the notice of claim can determine whether coverage applies at all. Late notice is one of the most frequently litigated coverage defenses, particularly in [[Definition:Liability insurance | liability lines]] where delayed reporting can prejudice an insurer's ability to investigate or defend the claim. Courts and regulators across jurisdictions apply varying standards — some require the insurer to demonstrate actual prejudice, while others treat late notice as a strict forfeiture. For insureds, the practical takeaway is straightforward: report early and report thoroughly. For carriers and [[Definition:Third-party administrator (TPA) | TPAs]], building frictionless FNOL intake — through digital portals, mobile apps, or [[Definition:Application programming interface (API) | API]] integrations — reduces reporting delays and improves outcomes for every party involved.

'''Related concepts:'''
{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Definition:First notice of loss (FNOL)]]
* [[Definition:Claims-made policy]]
* [[Definition:Occurrence]]
* [[Definition:Proof of loss]]
* [[Definition:Claims handling]]
* [[Definition:Extended reporting period]]
{{Div col end}}

Definition:Notice of claim - Revision history

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