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🛡️ '''Non-imputation clause''' is a provision found in [[Definition:Directors and officers liability insurance (D&O) | directors and officers (D&O)]] policies and other management liability coverages that prevents the knowledge, acts, or omissions of one insured individual from being attributed — or "imputed" — to other innocent insured individuals for the purpose of determining coverage. In insurance, this clause is critical because many [[Definition:Policy exclusion | policy exclusions]] are triggered by specific knowledge or conduct, such as awareness of a [[Definition:Prior act | prior wrongful act]], [[Definition:Fraud | fraudulent]] intent, or failure to disclose material information on the [[Definition:Application | application]]. Without a non-imputation clause, a single director's misconduct or concealment could void coverage for the entire board.

⚙️ The clause typically operates by providing that no statement in the [[Definition:Insurance application | application]], nor any knowledge possessed by any one insured person, shall be imputed to any other insured person when determining the applicability of exclusions or the validity of the policy. Consider a scenario where a company's CEO was aware of financial irregularities before the policy's inception but did not disclose them: absent a non-imputation provision, the [[Definition:Insurance carrier | insurer]] might argue that the entire policy is voidable due to [[Definition:Material misrepresentation | material misrepresentation]], leaving innocent directors and officers without coverage. With the clause in place, the insurer can deny coverage to the CEO personally but must continue to honor obligations to the remaining insured individuals who had no such knowledge. The precise scope of non-imputation clauses varies — some extend protection broadly across all coverage sections (entity coverage, Side A, Side B, Side C), while others are limited to specific insuring agreements.

📌 For [[Definition:Broker | brokers]], risk managers, and corporate counsel, the non-imputation clause is one of the most important protective features to negotiate when placing D&O and related [[Definition:Management liability insurance | management liability]] programs. Its absence — or a narrowly drafted version — can create a devastating gap: the very scenario in which coverage is most needed, such as a [[Definition:Securities class action | securities class action]] following executive fraud, could leave innocent board members exposed if the wrongdoer's knowledge is imputed across the policy. Regulators and courts in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia have all considered the enforceability and scope of these clauses, and market practice has converged toward broad non-imputation language as a baseline expectation in sophisticated D&O placements. In [[Definition:Warranty and indemnity insurance (W&I) | warranty and indemnity]] and [[Definition:Representations and warranties insurance (RWI) | representations and warranties]] policies used in M&A transactions, analogous provisions serve a similar function by preventing one party's knowledge of a breach from tainting coverage for other insured parties.

'''Related concepts:'''
{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Definition:Directors and officers liability insurance (D&O)]]
* [[Definition:Severability clause]]
* [[Definition:Material misrepresentation]]
* [[Definition:Policy exclusion]]
* [[Definition:Side A coverage]]
* [[Definition:Warranty and indemnity insurance (W&I)]]
{{Div col end}}

Definition:Non-imputation clause - Revision history

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