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🎯 '''Facultative placement''' is the process of arranging [[Definition:Reinsurance | reinsurance]] on a single, individually negotiated risk rather than through an automatic [[Definition:Treaty reinsurance | treaty]] arrangement. Each [[Definition:Facultative reinsurance | facultative]] transaction is a standalone negotiation: the [[Definition:Cedent | cedent]] or its [[Definition:Broker | broker]] presents a specific risk to one or more [[Definition:Reinsurer | reinsurers]], who each independently decide whether to participate, at what price, and on what terms. This case-by-case approach predates modern treaty structures and remains a vital component of the global reinsurance market, particularly for risks that are too large, too unusual, or too concentrated to fit neatly within a cedent's treaty programs.

⚙️ A facultative placement typically begins when an [[Definition:Underwriter | underwriter]] at the cedent identifies a risk that exceeds the company's net [[Definition:Retention | retention]] or falls outside the scope of its existing treaties — perhaps a high-value manufacturing facility in an earthquake zone or a one-of-a-kind construction project. The cedent or its reinsurance broker prepares a submission containing detailed risk information: location, [[Definition:Total insured value (TIV) | insured values]], construction specifics, loss history, and the terms being sought. This package is circulated to facultative reinsurers, who conduct their own [[Definition:Underwriting | underwriting]] assessment before quoting. Placement can be proportional (the reinsurer takes a percentage share of the risk's [[Definition:Premium | premium]] and [[Definition:Loss | losses]]) or non-proportional (the reinsurer covers losses above a specified [[Definition:Excess point | excess point]]). In markets like [[Definition:Lloyd's of London | Lloyd's]], facultative business is often placed face-to-face on the [[Definition:Underwriting room | underwriting floor]], while in other markets it increasingly moves through digital placement platforms designed to streamline the exchange of information and reduce turnaround times.

💡 Facultative placements give both cedents and reinsurers a degree of precision and control that treaty arrangements cannot match. The cedent can secure tailored protection for its most challenging exposures, while the reinsurer evaluates each risk on its individual merits, applying its own [[Definition:Risk appetite | risk appetite]] without being bound by blanket treaty terms. This granularity comes at a cost — facultative business is more labor-intensive and slower to place than treaty cessions, and transaction expenses are higher on a per-risk basis. Yet for large or complex accounts, the bespoke nature of a facultative placement is indispensable. Many [[Definition:Insurance carrier | insurers]] view their facultative and treaty programs as complementary: treaties handle the bulk of routine cessions, while facultative placements address peak exposures, new product launches, or one-off risks that would distort the treaty portfolio if included.

'''Related concepts:'''
{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Definition:Facultative reinsurance]]
* [[Definition:Treaty reinsurance]]
* [[Definition:Facultative obligatory treaty (fac-ob)]]
* [[Definition:Retention]]
* [[Definition:Reinsurance broker]]
* [[Definition:Proportional reinsurance]]
{{Div col end}}

Definition:Facultative placement - Revision history

PlumBot: Bot: Creating new article from JSON